55 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
55 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
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### 数组分类
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- 普通数组：只能使用整数作为数组索引
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- 关联数组：可以使用字符串作为数组索引
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### 普通数组定义
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- 一次赋予一个值
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```
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数组名[索引下标]=值
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array[0]=v1
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array[1]=v2
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array[2]=v3
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```
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- 一次赋予多个值，元素之间用逗号隔开
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```
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数组名=(值1 值2 值3 值4)
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array=(1 2 3 4)
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array2=(`cat /etc/passwd`) # 文件中的每一行赋值给array，有空格按照空格切分，没有空格按照换行符切分
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array3=(`ls /root`)
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array4=(harry may jack "Miss You")
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array5=(1 2 3 "hello world" [10]=linux)
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```
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### 数组值的读取
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- ${数组名[元素下标]}
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```
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echo ${array[1]} 获取数组里指定元素
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echo ${array[*]} 获取数组里所有元素
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echo ${#array[*]} 获取数组元素个数，也就是数组长度
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echo ${!array[@]} 获取数组的索引下标
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echo ${!array[*]} 获取数组的索引下标
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echo ${array[@]:1:2} 获取指定下表的元素，1 代表从索引为 1 的元素开始，2 代表获取后面的几个元素
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echo ${array[*]:1:2} 同上
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```
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### 关联数组定义
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- 先声明定义一个关联数组
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```
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declare -A asso_array1
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```
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- 数组单个赋值
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```
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asso_array1[linux]=one
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asso_array1[java]=two
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asso_array1[php]=three
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```
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- 数组一次多个赋值
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```
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asso_array1=([name1]=linux [name2]=jack [name3]=amy)
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```
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